One out of eight people suffer from migraine headaches. Three out of four of those people are women between the ages of 20 and 45. The severe and gripping pain of migraine headaches and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, numbness, paralysis and visual disturbance can often take a day or more to subside. A migraine headache is usually an intense, throbbing pain on one, or sometimes, both sides of the head.
Headaches more commonly start in the temples or behind one eye or ear, although any part of the head can be involved. Migraines can occur any time of the day, though it often starts in the morning. The frequency of pain can vary from once or twice a week to only once or twice a year.
The exact cause of a migraine is not fully understood. Migraines have been related to genetics, lack of sleep, dehydration, starvation, bright lights, loud sounds, strong odors, menstruation, stress/anxiety, red wine, caffeine, nitrate and tyramine containing foods, MSG (monosodium glutamate) in foods and aspartame (NutraSweet® and Equal®).
There is no cure for migraine headache but they can be managed with certain medications such as sumatriptan (Imitrex®), rizatriptan (Maxalt®), zolmitriptan (Zomig®), propranolol (Inderal®), amitriptyline (Elavil®) or venlafaxine (Effexor®), aspirin, acetaminophen, or NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). In order to achieve best results the medication must be taken right away, when symptoms first begin.
Scientists have recently discovered that Clostridium botulinum toxin also known as Botox can safely be used to prevent or dramatically reduce the frequency of migraine attacks. BOTOX® (Botulinum Toxin Type A) (Allergan, Irvine, CA) is Purified Neurotoxin Complex produced from a strain of Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Botox is already used to treat disorders caused by overactive striated or smooth muscles. It is also helpful in the treatment of chronic low back pain, cervical dystonia, achalasia, and rectal fissures, facial wrinkles associated with over active muscles or muscle spasms.
Studies have shown that using Botox to treat migraines resulted in significantly fewer attacks per month, reduced pain severity, fewer days using abortive/rescue medications, and fewer episodes of nausea/vomiting. Obviously, no therapy will work for all migraineurs, but studies definitely give hope that Botox injections are helpful for a significant percentage of migraine sufferers. It can induce immediate relief and provide pain relief benefit of up to six months.
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